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Traditionally, shape transformation using implicit functions is
performed in two distinct steps: 1) creating two implicit functions,
and 2) interpolating between these two functions. We present a new
shape transformation method that combines these two tasks into a
single step. We create a transformation between two N-dimensional
objects by casting this as a scattered data interpolation problem in
N + 1 dimensions. For the case of 2D shapes, we place all of our data
constraints within two planes, one for each shape. These planes are
placed parallel to one another in 3D. Zero-valued constraints specify
the locations of shape boundaries and positive-valued constraints are
placed along the normal direction in towards the center of the
shape. We then invoke a variational interpolation technique (the 3D
generalization of thin-plate interpolation), and this yields a single
implicit function in 3D. Intermediate shapes are simply the
zero-valued contours of 2D slices through this 3D function. Shape
transformation between 3D shapes can be performed similarly by solving
a 4D interpolation problem. To our knowledge, ours is the first shape
transformation method to unify the tasks of implicit function creation
and interpolation. The transformations produced by this method appear
smooth and natural, even between objects of differing topologies. If
desired, one or more additional shapes may be introduced that
influence the intermediate shapes in a sequence. Our method can also
reconstruct surfaces from multiple slices that are not restricted to
being parallel to one another.
Turk, G., O'Brien, J. F., "Shape Transformation Using Variational Implicit Functions." The Proceedings of the ACM SIGGRAPH 1999,
Los Angeles, California, August 8-13, pp. 335-342.
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